General Information:
The Karavaevo settlement is a suburb of Kostroma in the Kostroma region of the Russian Federation. It has a population of 8.2 thousand inhabitants. It is located on the left bank of Volga River, 11 km from the central square of the city Kostroma. The State Agricultural Academy, Academy of Agrobusiness and Management are located in Karavaevo village. The Federal state unitary enterprise "Plemzavod Karavaevo" (State Pedigree Breeding Stock-Farm "Karavaevo") is where the Kostroma breed of large horned livestock are produced. Karavaevo also has a bread-baking complex, a sports complex "Urozhai" ("Crop"), municipal secondary school, childrens' school of arts, house of culture, kindergartens, library and the children's rehabilitation center "Rodnichok".

History:
In the small village of Karavaevo is the former manor to General Usova's wife, and in 1918 it became a state farm. The roots of the state breeding stock farm "Karavaevo" goes back to 1920 when under Decree, prosperous lands, mostly estates, were put under state control and turned into modern farms. This showed the advantages and efficiencies of large-scale farming, and illustrated new methods of soil cultivation by machine. In 1930 it has gotten greater popularity owing to the breeding of dairy cattle of very high quality and efficiency.

In the beginning of its existence there were only 30 non-pedigree cows with a low rate of productivity. People understood that success of their work depended on their personal performance, on the degree of mechanization and on the introduction of scientific methods in their work. Among them were V.V.Shatarov, I.D.Varvarina, C.I.Shteiman, A.D.Mitropolskaya, V.A. Shaumyan and others. They made great progress in improving pedigree livestock by systematically selecting original stock and then cross breeding two or more different breeds.

By 1937 workers of the facilities achieved in excess of 10 thousand kg a year, and from cow Poslushnitsa - 16,262 kg of milk at fat content of 3.9 %. Photos of Poslushnitsa have appeared in school textbooks of zoology, and it's sculptural portrait. The bull named Salad, the ancestor of one of branches of breeding, has been decorated in a Moscow pavilion of animal industries VDNH (Exhibition of achievements of a national economy of the USSR). Now silhouette Poslushnitsa is represented on the arms of the Kostroma municipal area.

On the basis of a special report In 1944, the commission consisting of leading scientists published the order number 1121 which established that in the Kostroma area, in state farm "Karavaevo," a new breed of the large horned livestock possessing high dairy efficiency and the greater alive weight is produced. The breed was named "Kostromskaya" which is appropriate due to being native to our specific area. In the beginning of 50 years, average yield of milk from each cow has exceeded 6,500 kg a year, daily yield of milk from the best cows exceeded 40 kg. Many workers of facilities left to various countries to show the best cows. One cow was presented to the Prime Minister of India, D.Neru.

Achievements of the staff of the breeding farm are most impressive. The breeding stock-farm was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the "Red Banner of Labor. As sign of recognition for special merits of a collective factory in a domestic agriculture, it can be noted that 40 workers of "Plemzavod Karavaevo" were awarded ranks of the Heroes of socialist work; six have received this rank twice.

The farm has come a long way, overcoming great difficulties and achieving spectacular results in the past 80 years. Over time the face of the breeding stock-farm has changed completely. The wooden plough and harrow, the sickle and flail were the only farm implements in pre-Revolutionary Russia. Today nearly 40 tractors, 6 grain harvesters, 38 lorries and other up-to-date farm equipment are used at "Karavaevo".

In 1998 the "Plemzavod Karavaevo" was visited by the first President of the Russian Federation, Boris N.Yeltsin. During the last years, the collective of "Plemzavod Karavaevo" has been repeatedly marked by regional authorities for high parameters of efficiency of animal industries, and won prestigious agricultural exhibitions in Moscow. The facilities constantly assists with resources for the Karavaevo Municipal Secondary School, a community of a temple of prelate Nikolay in the village Nikolo-Trestino, located near to settlement Karavaevo, and to the rehabilitation center "Rodnichok" ("Water spring").

Wide-scale application of new scientific methods brings the breeding stock farm closer to school and agricultural academy situated on its territory. They provide the farm with well-educated, cultured and well-trained people with versatile interests. Their input into improving agricultural production exceeds that of people without education. Close connection between school, the breeding stock farm and the Academy implies mutual assistance. School children help to bring in the harvest in autumn, academy students can do the practical work on the breeding farm, and the teachers of the academy help to practice new methods of selection. The breeding stock-farm itself renders pecuniary support to both educational institutions.

Now the State Pedigree Breeding Stock-Farm "Karavaevo" is a federal state unitary enterprise which is part of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. The ground area of the facilities makes 4,368 hectares. The Number of cattle during last 10 years has been maintained at 2,400 head of cattle. The facility employs 336 people. Employees of the basic structure are workers, engineers, economists, experts, and graduates of Karavaevo Municipal Secondary School. Working together they all made cattle-breeding production a realization. In the year 2008, the facility achieved 5937 tons of milk and 498 tons of meat. The average annual yield of milk from the cow has stepped over the seven-thousandth boundary.

The Kostroma Agricultural Academy:
On May 1st, 1949, an agricultural state institute started to function. The curator and director of the institute of the state farm "Plemzavod Karavaevo" was V.A. Shaumyan. He was in this capacity for some months, and later became a doctor of agricultural sciences. Many experts of state farms send work to the institute, have made dissertations, become professors and senior lecturers. Some of these are: the milkmaid the Hero of Socialist Work K.V.Petrova, main agriculturist A.M. Proshchelykin, chief engineer J.V. Nezelyonov, I.P. Primakin, and A.F. Kravtseva's main livestock specialists, etc. At first four facilities were in institute for mechanization of agriculture, agronomical, livestock specialists and correspondence in 1950.

On April 25, 1958, the decision on moving an institute on the grounds of "Plemzavod Karavaevo" was made. In May 1958 construction of the first high institute was begun not in a city, but in a small village. Its opening took place in October 1964. The area of the small town which was constructed for the academy was 200 hectares. So there was the first in the country "high institute on the ground". The mainstream in its work is a combination of training and productive work. Students work not only with teachers, but also the best production workers: Twice Heroes of Socialist Work of N.A. Smirnova, and L.P. Ivanova and others spent practical employment with students, willingly sharing their experience.

Scientists of the institute and many thousands of students assisted with the educational facilities. Such tandem has achieved high results. The institute became a smithy of the fine staff working in various areas of the life of a society: heads of the enterprises, experts, farmers, workers of the device of the ministries, and teachers of various high schools and technical schools.

Students from up to 50 nationalities and from former republics of the USSR have been trained. Therefore, now its graduates work not only in Russia from Yakutia and Buryatiya up to Kaliningrad; but also from many countries far abroad.

Today the academy works in full force and is capable of preparing qualified personnel for agricultural production. One of the most perspective spheres is the processing of agricultural products. The academy has had mechanization since 2004. "Mechanization of processing of agricultural production" is opened, and at faculty of veterinary medicine there is a specialization. The primary technology is processing milk.

The basic scientific potential of the agricultural science of the Kostroma area is concentrated in the agricultural academy. The volume of financing of scientific researches for 2009 has made 5,997 million roubles, including fundamental science, 0,9296 million roubles - applied and development. From external sources scientific and technical production for the sum 4,8543 million roubles is paid to the Department of Agrarian and industrial complex and agricultural productions, the organizations and private persons, scientific students' conferences where students participate in regional, and all-Russia competitions.

Kostroma Agricultural Academy is one of the leaders in the country of high institute on application in educational process and in scientific researches of computer techniques. More than 550 modern computers are incorporated in the uniform local network including 28 computer classes, and 19 lecture audiences equipped with video equipment. The information centre-technical and a mini-printing house have also high-speed color printers and large-format color plotters for a press of necessary teaching materials and grants. Since 1997 the academy has had organized Internet connection by fiber optic lines. Teachers, employees and students have access to information systems from all over the world. In addition to the Internet the academy has access to working email.

For more than 15 years students of Kostroma Agricultural Academy have had a unique opportunity to pass an industrial practice and training, and also training abroad: in Austria, Germany, England, France, Hungary, Australia and other countries. Students get access to the high technologies in an agriculture. After such practice the expert becomes more proficient.

Ten years ago at the academy, the temple Church Sacred Cyrill and Mephodiy was opened for teaching the basis of Chistianity. History of Orthodoxy is learned since we consider, that any person in Russia is formed to read should know roots of religion. The orthodox conferences dated by Day of Slavic writing are annually spent to academies.

There is a revival in the academy movement of students' labor groups which gets stronger from year to year. In 2001 on socially significant objects, the Kostroma area had 3 groups, and in the summer of 2009 already 48. The most different directions worked: building, cattle-breeding, mechanization, power, veterinary, agronomical and complex. Furthermore, they were deployed not only in the Kostroma territory, but also in Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Moscow, and St. Petersburg areas. The majority of graduates of Karavaevo Municipal Secondary School continue study in Kostroma Agricultural Academy at all faculties and specialities. At school and academy are great successes of cooperation. Teachers of academy work in profile senior classes of our school, and will organize scientific research work with pupils. The academy gives laboratories, computer classes for employment of Karavaevo schoolboys and schoolgirls. There are a lot of teachers and scientists at Kostroma Agricultural Academy whom have finished Karavaevo Municipal Secondary School.

Sports Complex "Urozhai":
The favorite place of sportsmen, a place of carrying out various sports holidays, Olympiads, competitions, football matches on superiority of Russia on football team "Spartak" is the new sport center "Urozhai" ("Crop") within Karavaevo (the Kostroma area).

In every summer on regional competitions, athletes from all areas gathered in the Kostroma region. New kinds of competitions take place: participation in shooting and bowling with the chapter of municipal formations and rectors of the Kostroma higher educational institutions. In the program of games is: arm wrestling, track and field athletics and cross-country. Additional sports such as table tennis (ping-pong), pulling of a rope (tug-of-war) and beach volleyball take place. Competitions on navigation pass in pool of a boarding camping "Volgar".

Many pupils of Karavaevo Municipal Secondary School are winners of regional and republican competitions in various kinds of sports. Schoolboys and schoolgirls have a unique opportunity to use the best facility as a base in the field of a sport's complex and stadium "Urozhai". Lessons of physical culture pass on sports arena of stadium "Urozhai".

Culture's Center "Ensemble of Folklore Dance Karusel" ("Roundabout"):
The pride of the inhabitants of the village Karavaevo and Kostroma region is the national choreographic ensemble "Karusel". The ensemble engages more than 100 pupils and graduates of Karavaevo Municipal Secondary School. There is a remarkable tradition: employment by national dances became family hobby, parents danced together with their own children.

The ensemble "Karusel" stores traditions of Russian national folklore art and has international popularity. Recently the ensemble "Karusel" returned from Germany. Authorities of German Magdebourg had invited ensemble to represent the Russian culture on an anniversary of the city based over a thousand years ago. Actors lived in several kilometers from Magdebourg in one of the German villages. The first concert of folklore ensemble took place directly on a rural street. Then within several days actors of "Karusel" gave performances during the day on stages and streets of Magdebourg.

According to the Kostroma actors, Germans walked in a big way because anniversary of city had coincided with recognizing days of East Europe in Germany. Irish, Turks, and Germans in the national suits all danced Russian national dances together with Karavaevo's dancers. Future plans of the ensemble include another international tour to Belgium, Czechia, Croatia and another countries.

The head of collective "Karusel, Elena Smirnova, tells about the very warm reception of local residents of all countries and cities where the ensemble has visited. They have been acknowledged with numerous letters of thanks, diplomas, cups, letters of various festivals and competitions.

Karavaevo School

Kostroma Region

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